1. Determine Eligibility
Ensure you meet the eligibility requirements for naturalization, which typically include:
- Being at least 18 years old.
- Having been a lawful permanent resident for:
- 5 years (standard eligibility), or
- 3 years if married to and living with a U.S. citizen.
- Continuous residence in the U.S. for at least half of the required period.
- Physical presence in the U.S. for at least 30 months (or 18 months if married to a U.S. citizen).
- Ability to read, write, and speak basic English.
- Knowledge of U.S. history and government.
- Good moral character.
2. Prepare Form N-400 (Application for Naturalization)
Complete Form N-400, ensuring accuracy and completeness. Provide:
- Personal information (e.g., name, address, and employment history).
- Travel history for the last 5 years.
- Information about your green card and residency.
3. Gather Supporting Documents
Collect documents such as:
- Permanent resident card (green card).
- Evidence of marital status (if applying based on marriage).
- Proof of Selective Service registration (if applicable).
- Evidence of physical presence and continuous residence.
4. Submit Form N-400 and Pay Fees
- File the application online or by mail.
- Pay the filing fee (currently $640) and biometrics fee (currently $85).
- Fee waivers may be available for eligible applicants.
5. Attend Biometrics Appointment
- USCIS will notify you of your biometrics appointment date and location.
- Provide fingerprints, photograph, and a signature.
- USCIS uses this information for a background check.
6. Attend the Naturalization Interview
USCIS will schedule an interview to:
- Review your application and verify your eligibility.
- Administer the English language test.
- Administer the civics test (questions about U.S. history and government).
7. Receive a Decision
After the interview, USCIS will provide a decision:
- Approval: Proceed to the oath ceremony.
- Continuation: Provide additional documents or attend a follow-up interview.
- Denial: You may appeal or reapply depending on the circumstances.
8. Take the Oath of Allegiance
If approved:
- Attend the naturalization ceremony.
- Take the Oath of Allegiance to officially become a U.S. citizen.
- Receive your Certificate of Naturalization.
Additional Considerations
- Exemptions: Some applicants may be exempt from the English or civics test due to age or disability.
- Military Service: Special provisions apply for members of the U.S. armed forces.
- Dual Citizenship: Check whether your home country allows dual citizenship.
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