1. Determine Eligibility

  • A U.S. citizen aged 21 or older can petition to bring their parents (mother and/or father) to the United States as immediate relatives.
  • Immediate relatives do not have to wait for visa availability; there is no numerical cap.

2. File Form I-130 (Petition for Alien Relative)

  • Purpose: Establish the relationship between the petitioner (U.S. citizen) and the parent(s).
  • Documents Required:
    • Proof of U.S. citizenship (birth certificate, naturalization certificate, or U.S. passport).
    • Proof of relationship:
      • For father: Include both parents’ marriage certificate, proof of termination of prior marriages (if applicable), and petitioner’s birth certificate.
      • For mother: Only petitioner’s birth certificate is required.
  • Submit Form I-130 and supporting evidence to USCIS.

3. Approval of I-130

  • USCIS reviews the petition and approves or requests additional evidence.
  • Approval leads to forwarding the case to the National Visa Center (NVC) for processing.

4. Consular Processing (if Parent is Outside the U.S.)

  • Once the NVC receives the approved petition:
    1. Pay Fees: Affidavit of Support fee and visa application fee.
    2. Submit DS-260: Online immigrant visa application form.
    3. Submit Documents: Financial support documents (Form I-864, Affidavit of Support), parent’s civil documents (passport, birth certificate, marriage certificates, police clearance, etc.).
    4. Attend Interview: Parent attends an interview at the U.S. embassy or consulate in their home country.
    5. Medical Exam: Parent undergoes a medical exam by a designated physician.
    6. Receive Visa: If approved, the parent receives an immigrant visa.

5. Adjustment of Status (if Parent is Already in the U.S.)

  • Parent files Form I-485 (Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status).
  • Required documents:
    • Form I-130 approval notice.
    • Evidence of lawful entry (I-94 record, visa stamp).
    • Proof of relationship and financial support.
  • Parent attends a biometrics appointment and possibly an interview.

6. Receive Green Card

  • Once the immigrant visa is approved (consular processing) or Form I-485 is granted (adjustment of status), the parent becomes a lawful permanent resident (LPR) and receives their green card.

Estimated Timeline

  • I-130 processing: 7–15 months.
  • Consular processing: 6–12 months after I-130 approval.
  • Adjustment of status: 8–14 months after filing Form I-485.

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